Ecological Archives H001-003-A1

Wu Yang, Thomas Dietz, Daniel Boyd Kramer, Zhiyun Ouyang, and Jianguo Liu. 2015. An integrated approach to understanding the linkages between ecosystem services and human well-being. Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 1:19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/ehs15-0001.1

Appendix A (Table A1). Instrument for the human well-being index system based on the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment framework. Reproduced from (Yang et al. 2013).

Category layer

Indicator layer

Indicator code and content

Basic material for good life

Availability of necessities for daily life

Q1.1*: To what extent it is available to purchase necessities for daily life (Options: 1. Very inconvenient;2. Inconvenient;3. Unsure;4. Convenient;5. Very convenient)

 

Affordability to necessary food

Q1.2: Your household can afford enough food with nutrition to keep alive and healthy

 

Affordability to basic facilities and services

Q1.3: Your household can afford to access basic facilities (e.g., television, washer) and services (e.g., transportation)

 

Satisfaction with housing condition

Q1.4: You are satisfied with your housing condition (including size and quality)

 

Overall satisfaction with access to basic goods and services

Q1.5: Overall, you are satisfied with your household’s basic goods and services (e.g., food, clothe, living conditions, transportation) for life

Security

Life safety

Q2.1: Your household’s life safety in daily life is secure

 

Property safety

Q2.2: Your household’s property safety in daily life is secure

 

Local crime incidence

Q2.3: The local crime incidence (e.g., theft, robbery, murder, other violent incidents) is low

 

Access to government protection

Q2.4: The police and judicial system is always ready to help

 

Reliability of government protection

Q2.5: The police and judicial system can be trusted

 

Security for resource access

Q2.6: It is safe to access basic goods and services such as food, water, and medicine etc. for life

 

Overall satisfaction with security

Q2.7: Overall, you are satisfied with your household security (e.g., life and property)

Health

Physical health

Q3.1: You are satisfied with your household’s physical health (including illness and injury)?

 

Mental health

Q3.2: You are satisfied with your household’s mental health (including stress, depression, and problems with emotions)?

 

Rest

Q3.3: How often your household members do not get enough rest or sleep? (Options: 1. Always; 2. Often; 3. Sometimes; 4. Seldom; 5. Never)

 

Energy for daily life

Q3.4: How often your household members are not healthy or do not have enough energy for everyday life? (Options: 1. Always; 2. Often; 3. Sometimes; 4. Seldom; 5. Never)

 

Emotion

Q3.5: How often do your household members have negative feelings such as blue mood, despair, anxiety, depression? (Options: 1. Always; 2. Often; 3. Sometimes; 4. Seldom; 5. Never)

 

Leisure activities

Q3.6: How often do your household members have the opportunity for leisure activities? (Options: 1. Never; 2. Seldom; 3. Sometimes; 4. Often; 5. Always)

 

Overall satisfaction with health status

Q3.7: Overall, you are satisfied with your household’s health status

Good social relations

Close neighborhood

Q4.1: This is a close-knit neighborhood

 

 

Q4.2*: Most people in this village are basically honest and can be trusted

 

Opportunities of neighborhood interactions

Q4.3: There are many opportunities to meet neighbors and work on solving community problems

 

Enthusiasm in social activities

Q4.4*: How active do you think your household members in your community groups or village or township? (Options: 1. Very inactive; 2. inactive; 3. Neither inactive nor active; 4. Active; 5. Very active)

 

Common interests

Q4.5*: Do you agree that people here look out mainly for the welfare of their own families and they are not much concerned with village/neighborhood welfare?

 

Cohesion

Q4.6: Suppose someone in your village/neighborhood had something unfortunate happen to them, such as a family member's sudden death, there are always some others would be ready to help

 

Overall satisfaction with social relationship

Q4.7: Overall, you are satisfied with your household’s social relationships with others

Freedom of choices and actions

Freedom from discrimination

Q5.1*: Do you think that your household members are always treated equally without regard to gender, race, language, religion, political beliefs, socioeconomic status and more? (Options: 1. Never; 2. Seldom; 3. Sometimes; 4. Often; 5. Always)

 

Affordability to quality and nutritious food

Q5.2: Your household has affordable access to quality and nutritious food for an enjoyable life

 

Affordability to quality healthcare

Q5.3: Your household has affordable access to quality medical care

 

Affordability to quality education

Q5.4: Your household has affordable access to quality education

 

Affordability to quality housing

Q5.5: Your household has affordable access to spacious and quality house

 

Free choice of employment

Q5.6: It is difficult to find a satisfied job

 

Freedom of choices and actions to help others

Q5.7*: How often do you feel that you want to help others but limited by your socioeconomic or physical conditions that you cannot help them?

 

Overall satisfaction with freedom of choice and action

Q5.8: Overall, you are satisfied with your freedom of choice and actions

Notes: Unless response options are specified after indicator contents, the options are designed in the five-category Likert scale (i.e., strongly disagree, mildly disagree, unsure, mildly agree, and strongly agree). *: Indicators not included in the final confirmatory factor analysis due to low variation or internal consistency with other indicators in the same categories.  


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