Ecological Archives C006-031-A1
M. C. Nordström, K. Aarnio, A. Törnroos, and E. Bonsdorff. 2015. Nestedness of trophic links and biological traits in a marine food web. Ecosphere 6:161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/es14-00515.1
Appendix A. A table showing taxa recorded and included in summary connectance web, with literature documenting feeding links.
Table A1. Taxa recorded and included in summary connectance web, with literature documenting feeding links.
Code |
Node |
Category |
Functional group |
Examples of feeding references |
1 |
Detritus |
|
Detritus |
|
2 |
Macroalgae |
Producer |
Primary producer |
|
3 |
Microalgae |
Producer |
Primary producer |
|
4 |
Phytoplankton |
Producer |
Primary producer |
|
5 |
Vascular plants |
Producer |
Primary producer |
|
|
Bivalvia |
|
|
|
6 |
Cerastoderma glaucum |
Invertebrate |
Herbivore–detritivore |
(1–2) |
7 |
Macoma balthica |
Invertebrate |
Herbivore–detritivore |
(2–3) |
8 |
Mytilus sp. |
Invertebrate |
Herbivore–detritivore |
(1–2) |
|
Gastropoda |
|
|
|
9 |
Hydrobia sp. |
Invertebrate |
Herbivore–detritivore |
(2) |
10 |
Potamopyrgus antipodarum |
Invertebrate |
Herbivore–detritivore |
(4) |
11 |
Radix balthica |
Invertebrate |
Herbivore–detritivore |
(5) |
12 |
Theodoxus fluviatilis |
Invertebrate |
Herbivore–detritivore |
(1, 6) |
|
Crustacea |
|
|
|
13 |
Bathyporeia pilosa |
Invertebrate |
Herbivore–detritivore |
(2, 7–10) |
14 |
Crangon crangon |
Invertebrate |
Carnivore |
(11–12) |
15 |
Gammarus spp. |
Invertebrate |
Omnivore |
(10) |
16 |
Idotea sp. |
Invertebrate |
Omnivore |
(13) |
17 |
Oligochaeta |
Invertebrate |
Herbivore–detritivore |
(14) |
|
Polychaeta |
|
|
|
18 |
Boccardia sp. |
Invertebrate |
Herbivore–detritivore |
(15) |
19 |
Hediste diversicolor |
Invertebrate |
Omnivore |
(11, 12, 15–18) |
20 |
Marenzelleria sp. |
Invertebrate |
Herbivore–detritivore |
(15, 19–20) |
21 |
Pygospio elegans |
Invertebrate |
Herbivore–detritivore |
(15, 19–20) |
|
Insecta |
|
|
|
22 |
Chironomidae |
Invertebrate |
Herbivore–detritivore |
(21) |
23 |
Tipulidae |
Invertebrate |
Herbivore–detritivore |
(22) |
|
Nemertea |
|
|
|
24 |
Cyanophthalma obscura |
Invertebrate |
Carnivore |
(20, 23) |
|
Priapulida |
|
|
|
25 |
Halicryptus spinulosus |
Invertebrate |
Carnivore |
(11, 24–25) |
|
Pisces |
|
|
|
26 |
Alburnus alburnus |
Vertebrate ectotherm |
Carnivore |
(11, 26–27) |
27 |
Ammodytes tobianus |
Vertebrate ectotherm |
Carnivore |
(11–12) |
28 |
Belone belone |
Vertebrate ectotherm |
Carnivore |
(11, 26) |
29 |
Gasterosteus aculeatus |
Vertebrate ectotherm |
Carnivore |
(11, 12) |
30 |
Nerophis ophidion |
Vertebrate ectotherm |
Carnivore |
(11, 26, 28) |
31 |
Platichthys flesus |
Vertebrate ectotherm |
Carnivore |
(11–12, 29–30) |
32 |
Pomatoschistus minutus |
Vertebrate ectotherm |
Carnivore |
(11–12, 28–29) |
33 |
Pungitius pungitius |
Vertebrate ectotherm |
Carnivore |
(11–12, 28) |
34 |
Rutilus rutilus |
Vertebrate ectotherm |
Carnivore |
(11–12, 31) |
35 |
Scophthalmus maximus |
Vertebrate ectotherm |
Carnivore |
(11–12, 29, 32) |
36 |
Sprattus sprattus |
Vertebrate ectotherm |
Carnivore |
(11–12, 26) |
Note: References are: 1, Muus (1967); 2, MarLIN (2006); 3, Olafsson (1986); 4, Radea et al. (2008); 5, AnimalBase Project Group (2005–2012); 6, Råberg and Kautsky (2007); 7, Nicolaisen and Kanneworff (1969); 8, Sundbäck and Persson (1981), 9, Maria et al. (2011); 10, Dahl (1973); 11, Nordström et al. (current study); 12, Encyclopedia of Life (2014); 13, Leidenberger et al. (2012); 14, Giere (1975); 15, Fauchald and Jumars (1979); 16, Riisgård (1991); 17, Rönn et al. (1988); 18, Szadziewski et al. (1997); 19, Dauer (1997); 20, World Register of Marine Species (2014); 21, Oliver (1997); 22, Pritchard (1983); 23, Thiel and Kruse (2001); 24, Aarnio et al. (1998); 25, Ankar and Sigvaldadottir (1981); 26, FishBase (2014); 27, Curry-Lindahl (1985); 28, Nellbring (1988); 29, Aarnio et al. (1996); 30, Ustups et al. (2007); 31, Lappalainen et al. (2001); and 32, Nissling et al. (2007).
Literature Cited
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Aarnio, K., E. Bonsdorff E, and N. Rosenback. 1996. Food and feeding habits of juvenile flounder Platichthys flesus (L.), and turbot Scophthalmus maximus L. in the Åland archipelago, northern Baltic Sea. Journal of Sea Research 36:311–320.
AnimalBase Project Group, 2005–2012. AnimalBase. Early zoological literature online. www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de
Ankar, S., and E. Sigvaldadottir. 1981. On the food composition of Halicryptus spinulosus von Siebold. Ophelia 20:45–51.
Curry-Lindahl, K. 1985. Våra fiskar. Havs- och sötvattenfiskar i Norden och övriga Europa. Norstedt and Söners förlag, Stockholm, Sweden.
Dahl, E. 1973. Ecological range of Baltic and North Sea species. Oikos 15:85–90.
Dauer, D. M. 1997. Functional morphology and feeding behaviour of Marenzelleria viridis (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Bulletin of Marine Science 60:512–516.
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Fauchald, K., and P. A. Jumars. 1979. The diet of worms: a study of polychaete feeding guilds. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review 17:193–284.
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Giere, O. 1975. Population structure, food relations and ecological role of marine oligochaetes, with special reference to meiobenthic species. Marine Biology 31:139–156.
Lappalainen, A., M. Rask, H. Koponen, and S. Vesala. 2001. Relative abundance, diet and growth of perch (Perca fluviatilis) and roach (Rutilus rutilus) at Tvärminne, northern Baltic Sea, in 1975 and 1997: Responses to eutrophication? Boreal Environment Research 6:107–118.
Leidenberger, S., K. Harding, and P. R. Jonsson. 2012. Ecology and distribution of the Isopod genus Idotea in the Baltic Sea: key species in a changing environment. Journal of Crustacean Biology 32:359–381.
Maria, T. F., M. De Troch, J. Vanaverbeke, A. M. Esteves, and A. Vanreusel. 2011. Use of benthic vs. planktonic organic matter by sandy-beach organisms: a food tracing experiment with 13C labelled diatoms. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 407:309–314.
MarLIN. 2006. BIOTIC: Biological Traits Information Catalogue. Marine Life Information Network. Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. www.marlin.ac.uk/biotic
Muus, B. J. 1967. The fauna of Danish estuaries and lagoons: distribution and ecology of dominating species in the shallow reaches of the mesohaline zone. AF Høst, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Nellbring, S. 1988. Quantitative and qualitative studies of fish in shallow water, northern Baltic proper. Dissertation. University of Stockholm, Sweden.
Nicolaisen, W., and E. Kanneworff. 1969. On the burrowing and feeding habits of the amphipods Bathyporeia pilosa Lindström and Bathyporeia sarsi Watkin. Ophelia 6:231–250.
Nissling, A., M. Jacobsson, and N. Hallberg. 2007. Feeding ecology of juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus and flounder Pleuronectes flesus at Gotland, Central Baltic Sea. Journal of Fish Biology 70:1877–1897.
Olafsson, E. B. 1986. Density dependence in suspension-feeding and deposit–feeding populations of the bivalve Macoma balthica: a field experiment. Journal of Animal Ecology 55:517–526.
Pritchard, G. 1983. Biology of Tipulidae. Annual Review of Entomology 28:1–22.
Råberg, S., and L. Kautsky. 2007. Grazer identity is crucial for facilitating growth of the perennial brown alga Fucus vesiculosus. Marine Ecology Progress Series 361:111–118.
Radea, C., I. Louvrou, and A. Economou-Amilli. 2008. First record of the New Zeeland mud snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum J.E.Gray 1843 (Mollusca: Hydrobiidae) in Greece: notes on its population structure and associated microalgae. Aquatic Invasions 3:341–344.
Riisgård, H. U. 1991. Suspension feeding in the polychaete Nereis diversicolor. Marine Ecology Progress Series 70:29–37.
Rönn, C., E. Bonsdorff, and W. G. Nelson. 1988. Predation as a mechanism of interference within infauna in shallow brackish water soft bottoms; experiments with an infauna predator, Nereis diversicolor O. F. Müller. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 116:143–157.
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Ustups, D., D. Uzars, and B. Müller-Karulis. 2007. Structure and feeding ecology of the fish community in the surf zone of the Eastern Baltic Latvian Coast. Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences 61:20–30.
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