Camille Albouy,^1,2 Frida Ben Rais Lasram,³ Laure Velez,² François Guilhaumon,² Christine N. Meynard,⁴ Séverine Boyer,⁵ Laura Benestan,⁶ Nicolas Mouquet,⁷ Emmanuel Douzery,⁷ Roland Aznar,⁸ Marc Troussellier,² Samuel Somot,⁹ Fabien Leprieur,² François Le Loc’h,¹⁰ and David Mouillot^2,11

1 Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, G5L 3A1 Québec, Canada.

2 UMR 9190 MARBEC (CNRS-IFREMER-IRD-UM), Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France.

3 Laboratoire Ecosystèmes et Ressources Aquatiques UR13AGRO1, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, 43 avenue Charles Nicolle, 1082 Tunis, Tunisie.

4 Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, USA.

5 Pêches et Océans Canada, Institut Maurice-Lamontagne, 850 Route de la Mer, CP 1000, Mont-Joli, G5H 3Z4, Canada.

6 Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Pavillon Charles- Eugène-Marchand, 1030 Avenue de la Médecine,  Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.

7 Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution, UMR CNRS-IRD-UM2 5554, Université Montpellier 2, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France.

8 Área de Medio Físico, Organismo Público Puertos del Estado, Madrid, Spain.

9 Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques, CNRM-GAME, Météo-France, CNRS, Toulouse, France.

10 UMR 6539 Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin, CNRS-UBO-IRD-IFREMER, Institut Universitaire Européen de le Mer, Place Nicolas Copernic, Pointe du Diable, Technopole Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.

11 Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811 Australia.

FishMed.zip (MD5: e8b4e12226b84d0ee124c49b6cbf091d)
(all files at once)

Presence_absence_data.zip (MD5: ba7feb1eb5b97f2fb4633bd7e0ad4443)

Functional_data.zip (MD5: 9c4eab5d8c2d1e218ca55b09d800fb03)

Phylogenetic_data.zip (MD5: 5d3518e5d29a6db9057ada7e991cc393)

Climate_data.zip (MD5: 182b15240736d01457b34f80f135a10b)

The FishMed database provides traits, phylogeny, current and projected species distribution of Mediterranean fishes, and associated SST from the regional oceanic model NEMOMED8. Data for the current geographical distributions of 635 Mediterranean fish species were compiled from a published expert knowledge atlas of fishes of the northern Atlantic and the Mediterranean (FNAM) edited between 1984 and 1986 and from an updated exotic fish species list. Two future sets of projected species distributions were obtained for the middle and end of the 21st century by using an ensemble forecasting approach for 288 coastal Mediterranean fish species based on SST according to the IPPC/SRES A2 scenario implemented with the Mediterranean climatic model NEMOMED8. The functional part of the database encompasses 12 biological and ecological traits (maximal and common lengths, vertical distribution, habitat, migration type, mode of reproduction, sex shift, semelparity, diet type (larvae and adults), social behavior, species origin and depth) for the 635 fish species. To build the phylogeny we inferred the timing and geographic origins of Mediterranean teleost species diversity using nucleotide sequences collected from GenBank including 62% of Mediterranean teleost species plus nine outgroups. Maximum likelihood Bayesian phylogenetic and dating analyses were calibrated using 20 fossil species. An additional 124 fish species were grafted onto the chronogram according to their taxonomic affinity to obtain a phylogenetic tree including 498 species. Finally we also present the associated SST data for the observed period (1961–1980) and for the middle (2040–2059) and the end of the 21st century (2080–2099) obtained from NEMOMED8 according to the IPCC A2 scenario. The FishMed database might be of interest in the context of global anthropogenic changes as coastal Mediterranean ecosystems are currently recognized as one of the most impacted ecosystems on earth.

Key words: climate change; coastal fishes; functional diversity; Mediterranean fish species; Mediterranean Sea; NEMOMED8, species distribution models; phylogenetic diversity; taxonomic diversity.