Ecological Archives E096-149-A6
Joseph A. LaManna, Amy B. Hemenway, Vanna Boccadori, and Thomas E. Martin. 2015. Bird species turnover is related to changing predation risk along a vegetation gradient. Ecology 96:1670–1680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/14-1333.1
Appendix F. Changes in nest predation with both PC axes for bird species.
Table F1. Nest predation analyses for bird species in western Montana, USA. The χ² statistic and corresponding p value from likelihood ratio tests are presented for each PC axis (PCconiferand PCdeciduous), along with standardized effect sizes (standardized regression coefficients ± 1 SE), spatial scale of the relationship (forest stand, nesting territory, or nest-site), sample size of nests (n), and mean daily nest predation rate (DNPR) for each species. Significant effects (p < 0.05) are bolded and marginally significant effects (p < 0.10) are italicized. Bird species are ordered according to effect size of PC axes on density (see Appendix E).
Species |
PCconiferχ² |
p value |
PCconiferEffect Size |
PCconifer Effect Size SE |
PCdeciduousχ² |
p value |
PCdeciduous Effect Size |
PCdeciduous Effect Size SE |
Scale |
n |
Mean DNPR |
House Wren |
1.09 |
0.296 |
0.484 |
0.559 |
0.82 |
0.365 |
--- |
--- |
Stand |
30 |
0.0015 |
Western Wood-pewee |
3.37 |
0.066 |
0.910 |
0.834 |
0.27 |
0.606 |
--- |
--- |
Stand |
32 |
0.0039 |
Mountain Bluebird |
3.35 |
0.067 |
0.690 |
0.364 |
0.00 |
0.992 |
--- |
--- |
Stand |
28 |
0.0028 |
Northern Flicker |
5.98 |
0.014 |
0.644 |
0.260 |
1.00 |
0.317 |
--- |
--- |
Stand |
53 |
0.0047 |
Red-naped Sapsucker |
2.91 |
0.088 |
0.490 |
0.295 |
0.21 |
0.648 |
--- |
--- |
Stand |
63 |
0.0013 |
Mountain Chickadee |
1.87 |
0.172 |
0.378 |
0.261 |
0.77 |
0.381 |
--- |
--- |
Stand |
48 |
0.0048 |
Red-breasted Nuthatch |
1.10 |
0.295 |
0.131 |
0.122 |
0.56 |
0.453 |
--- |
--- |
Terr. |
34 |
0.0016 |
Ruby-crowned Kinglet |
3.86 |
0.049 |
-0.230 |
0.116 |
1.78 |
0.182 |
--- |
--- |
Stand |
27 |
0.0094 |
Chipping Sparrow |
5.14 |
0.023 |
-0.468 |
0.208 |
0.56 |
0.453 |
--- |
--- |
Stand |
57 |
0.0178 |
Dark-eyed Junco |
6.56 |
0.010 |
0.622 |
0.256 |
0.89 |
0.345 |
--- |
--- |
Terr. |
51 |
0.0315 |
Yellow-rumped Warbler |
3.93 |
0.047 |
0.043 |
0.022 |
4.95 |
0.026 |
-0.086 |
0.039 |
Terr. |
18 |
0.0121 |
Lincoln's Sparrow |
0.24 |
0.626 |
--- |
--- |
6.98 |
0.008 |
-0.350 |
0.147 |
Stand |
42 |
0.0393 |
Yellow Warbler |
1.96 |
0.162 |
--- |
--- |
9.19 |
0.002 |
-0.389 |
0.149 |
Stand |
18 |
0.0409 |
Dusky Flycatcher |
2.97 |
0.085 |
0.116 |
0.070 |
6.88 |
0.009 |
-0.251 |
0.126 |
Stand |
155 |
0.0161 |
Warbling Vireo |
1.94 |
0.164 |
--- |
--- |
5.22 |
0.022 |
-0.373 |
0.167 |
Stand |
153 |
0.0111 |
American Robin |
1.36 |
0.244 |
--- |
--- |
5.00 |
0.025 |
-0.748 |
0.312 |
Stand |
258 |
0.0385 |