Ecological Archives A025-084-A1
Eliza Maher Hasselquist, Christler Nilsson, Joakim Hjältén, Dolly Jørgensen, Lovisa Lind, and Lina E. Polvi. 2015. Time for recovery of riparian plants in restored northern Swedish streams: a chronosequence study. Ecological Applications 25:1373–1389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/14-1102.1
Appendix A (Table A1). Qualitative descriptions of the stream restorations.
Category |
Most recent activity |
Driver of restoration or disturbance |
Objective |
Methods |
Administrator |
Channelized |
1870s‒1950s |
Economic income from timber |
Facilitate floating of timber from headwater streams to the coast by moving boulders and woody debris to sides of stream |
Explosives to break up boulders too big to move, cranes, hand work, and later bulldozers |
Forest Companies |
Restored |
25-years ago |
Legal mandate |
Fix unsafe structures used during timber-floating era such as splash dams, but also replace boulders back into stream when easy |
Minimal use of excavators |
State Forestry Board |
Restored |
15-years ago |
Fish populations |
Replace removed boulders and open side channels |
Soft use of excavators, minimal disturbance to river bottom |
Local Fishery Advisory Board |
Restored |
5-years ago |
Fish populations |
Replace removed boulders and open side channels |
Extensive use of excavators |
Regional Fishery Advisory Board |