Ecological Archives A025-035-A6
Heidi Liere, Tania N. Kim, Benjamin P. Werling, Timothy D. Meehan, Douglas A. Landis, and Claudio Gratton. 2015. Trophic cascades in agricultural landscapes: indirect effects of landscape composition on crop yield. Ecological Applications 25:652–661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/14-0570.1
Appendix F. Table with the bootstrapped standardized and unstandardized path coefficients for the SEM models.
Table F1. Bootstrapped standardized and unstandardized path coefficients illustrating the direct (A, B) and indirect (C, D) effects of predictor variables (column headings) on response variables (row headings). NE = natural enemy; SBA = soybean aphids; Yield = soybean yield. Numbers in parentheses represent the lower and upper bounds of the 95% confidence intervals, respectively.
(A) Direct (Unstandardized) |
Habitat diversity |
Proportion soybean |
Year |
NE abundances |
SBA effect size |
|
|
|
|
|
|
NE abundances |
80.25 |
87.05 |
-96.96 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
SBA effect size |
0 |
0 |
0 |
-0.01 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yield effect size |
0 |
0 |
-0.19 |
0 |
-0.07 |
(B) Direct (Standardized) |
Habitat diversity |
Proportion of soybean |
Year |
NE abundance |
SBA effect size |
|
|
|
|
|
|
NE abundance |
0.15 |
0.20 |
-0.88 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
SBA effect size |
0 |
0 |
0 |
-0.50 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yield effect size |
0 |
0 |
-0.29 |
0 |
-0.24 |
(C) Indirect (Unstandardized) |
Habitat diversity |
Proportion soybean |
Year |
NE abundance |
SBA effect size |
|
|
|
|
|
|
NE abundance |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
SBA effect size |
-0.82 |
-0.90 |
1.00 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yield effect size |
0.05 |
0.07 |
-0.08 |
0.01 |
0 |
(D) Indirect (Standardized) |
Habitat diversity |
Proportion soybean |
Year |
NE abundance |
SBA effect size |
|
|
|
|
|
|
NE abundance |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
SBA effect size |
-0.08 |
-0.10 |
0.44 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yield effect size |
0.02 |
0.03 |
-0.12 |
0.13 |
0 |