Appendix A. Populations used in growth and herbivory experiments.
Centaurea population |
Latitude/ Longitude |
Germination |
Growth and competition |
Cyphocleonus and Agapeta |
Trichoplusia |
Melanoplus |
Defense and nutrition |
Lk.Voronezh (RUS) |
51.48ºN/39.16Eº |
* |
* |
* |
|||
Liski (RUS) |
51.00ºN/39.33ºE |
* |
* |
||||
Putlava (UKR) |
49.00ºN/34.34ºE |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||
Khotyn (UKR) |
48.29ºN/26.29ºE |
* |
* |
||||
Zolochiv (UKR) |
49.48ºN/24.53ºE |
* |
* |
||||
Czortova (UKR) |
49.40ºN/24.66ºE |
* |
|||||
Poltava (UKR) |
49.34ºN/34.33ºE |
* |
|||||
Novoarknanhel (UKR) |
49.65ºN/30.78ºE |
* |
|||||
Vienna (AUT) |
48.11ºN/16.21ºE |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||
Hornstein (AUT) |
47.52ºN/16.26ºE |
* |
* |
||||
Deutschkreuz (AUT) |
47.59ºN/16.63ºE |
* |
|||||
Timisesti (ROM) |
47.13ºN/26.29ºE |
* |
|||||
Roman (ROM) |
46.55ºN/26.56ºE |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
|
Iasi (ROM) |
47.09ºN/27.35ºE |
* |
|||||
Falticeni (ROM) |
47.27ºN/26.14ºE |
* |
* |
||||
Crasna (ROM) |
47.10ºN/22.52ºE |
* |
* |
* |
|||
Tecuci (ROM) |
45.51ºN/27.26ºE |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
|
Fenestrelle (ITA) |
45.02ºN/7.02ºE |
* |
|||||
Vallouise (FRA) |
44.50ºN/26.26ºE |
* |
* |
||||
Pontamafrey (FRA) |
45.18Nº/6.20ºE |
* |
* |
||||
Kembs (FRA) |
47.41ºN/7.30ºE |
* |
* |
* |
|||
Halle (GER) |
51.28ºN/11.58ºE |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||
Bearmouth (MT) |
46.43ºN/113.43ºW |
* |
|||||
Bison Range (MT) |
47.17ºN/114.15ºW |
* |
* |
||||
Blacktail Point (MT) |
48.01ºN/133ºW |
* |
|||||
Bozeman (MT) |
45.40ºN/111.02ºW |
* |
|||||
Butler Cr. (MT) |
46.57ºN/114.1 ºW |
* |
|||||
Clearwater (MT) |
47.00ºN/113.4 ºW |
* |
* |
* |
|||
Eureka (MT) |
48.52ºN/115.03ºW |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||
Glacier (MT) |
48.40ºN/113.35ºW |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||
Many Glacier (MT) |
48.81ºN/113.60ºW |
* |
|||||
Missoula (MT) |
46.51ºN/113.59ºW |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
|
Mt. Jumbo (MT) |
46.60ºN/113.57ºW |
* |
|||||
Petty Mtn. (MT) |
46.97N/114.38ºW |
* |
|||||
Skalkaho Pass (MT) |
46.10ºN/113.46ºW |
* |
* |
||||
Sula (MT) |
45.50ºN/113.58ºW |
* |
|||||
St. Mary’s (MT) |
48.44ºN/113.25ºW |
* |
|||||
Spokane (WA) |
47.40ºN/117.29ºW |
* |
* |
||||
Roanoke (VA) |
37.24ºN/79.56ºW |
* |
|||||
Kellogg Biol. Station. (MI) |
42.23ºN/85.23ºW |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||
Hwy. 93 (ID) |
45.18ºN/113.53ºW |
* |
* |
||||
Elko (NV) |
40.49ºN/115.45ºW |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||
Hwy. 90 (WA) |
47.30ºN/116.00ºW |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||
Hwy. 93 (CAN) |
49.01ºN/115.02ºW |
* |
|||||
Salmon (ID) |
45.10ºN/113.53ºW |
* |
* |
* |
Note: Asterisks denote populations for which we did not know the collection protocol.