Appendix C. A table of model parameters and additional model results.
Next: List of Figures Previous: Altering All Clam Factors
TABLE C1. Names, units, descriptions, values and references for the list of variables used in the crab model.
| Symbol |
Units |
Description |
Value |
References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||
3D Random Fields |
||||
# of Mesh Levels |
|
Total number of refinements done of the coarse grid |
4 |
Appendix A.3. |
|
|
Number of discretization points used for generating field in the |
64 |
Appendix A.3.1 |
|
|
Number of discretization points used for generating field in the |
32 |
Appendix A.3.1 |
|
|
Number of discretization points used for generating field in the |
256 |
Appendix A.3.1 |
|
|
Filter used on the Gaussian Random Field |
|
Eq. (A.1) |
|
m |
SD of filter in |
1000 |
Appendix A.3.3 |
|
m |
SD of filter in |
800 |
Appendix A.3.3 |
|
hr |
SD of filter in |
48 |
Appendix A.3.3 |
|
m |
SD of filter in |
1000 |
Appendix A.3.2 |
|
m |
SD of filter in |
800 |
Appendix A.3.2 |
|
hr |
SD of filter in |
48 |
Appendix A.3.2 |
|
|
Component of the filter |
|
Eq. (A.2) |
|
||||
|
||||
Variables Associated with Habitat |
||||
|
m |
Distance from the western most point of the estuary |
|
Appendix A.3.2 |
|
m |
Maximum distance from the western most point of the estuary |
|
Appendix A.3.2 |
|
|
Proportion of distance from the western most point of the estuary |
|
Appendix A.3.2 |
|
m |
Depth of estuary at location |
|
Appendix A.3 |
|
mg/L |
Concentration of oxygen in bottom water of estuary |
Eq. (A.9) |
|
|
mg/L |
Concentration of oxygen in upper water column at saturation |
Eq. (A.11) |
|
|
1/hr |
Rate constant for oxygen demand by sediment Eq. (A.15) |
5.75E-3 |
Based on Borsuk et al. (2001b); Borsuk et al. (2001a) |
|
|
Constant representing level of temperature dependency. Eq. (A.15) |
1.13 |
|
|
m/hr |
Constant for vertical oxygen exchange from surface, Eq. (A.12) |
0.003 |
|
|
1/hr |
|
||
|
|
Constant representing level of temperature dependence. Eq. (A.12) |
1.0 |
|
|
psu |
Bottom salinity |
Eq. (A.6) |
Appendix A.3.3 |
|
psu |
Maximum salinity |
Eq. (A.7) |
Appendix A.3.3 |
|
|
Temperature |
Eq. (A.3) |
Appendix A.3.2 |
|
|
Temperature |
Eq. (A.5) |
Appendix A.3.2 |
|
|
Temperature |
Eq. (A.4) |
Appendix A.3.2 |
|
m/hr |
Mean tidal velocity Eq. (A.12) |
100 |
|
|
||||
|
||||
Clam Variables |
||||
|
g/cm |
Scaling parameter relating clam length,
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
Power relating clam length
|
3.0 |
|
|
|
Coeff. of temperature growth. Eq. (A.17) |
0.2 |
|
|
|
Coeff. of temperature respiration. Eq. (A.17) |
0.17 |
|
|
hr |
Time between updates of clams |
24 |
|
|
|
Temperature dependence of clam growth |
Eq. (A.18) |
|
|
|
Temperature dependence of clam respiration |
Eqs. (A.17) |
|
|
g |
Maximum growth rate for clam on a wet weight basis Eq. (A.17). |
4.3E-4 |
Based on Solidoro et al. (2000, Table 2) |
|
|
Proportion decrease in metabolism due to DO |
Eq. (A.19) |
|
|
|
Clam biomass factor influencing recruitment |
Eq. (A.23) |
|
|
|
Triangle depth factor influencing recruitment |
App A.4.3 |
|
Initial mass |
g |
Initial mass of recruited clam |
0.001 |
|
|
cm |
Length of clam shell |
|
Eq. (A.16) |
|
hr |
Parameter Eq. (A.20), CDF of times till death at fixed DO |
32.16 |
|
|
L hr/mg |
Parameter Eq. (A.20), CDF of times till death at fixed DO |
27.36 |
|
|
hr |
Parameter Eq. (A.20), CDF of times till death at fixed DO |
9.6 |
|
|
hr |
Mortality rate without predation Eq. (A.20) |
1.2E-5 |
|
|
hr |
Mortality rate for clams in water less than -5
|
0.2 |
|
|
hr |
Mortality rate for clams in water greater than
|
1.04E-2 |
|
|
1/hr |
Maximum respiration rate for clam on a wet weight basis Eq. (A.17) |
3.5E-4 |
|
|
g/m |
Grams of clam biomass on a given fine-level triangle |
|
Eq. (A.23) |
|
g/m |
Upper bound on clam biomass on a given fine-level triangle Eq. (A.23) |
850 |
|
|
#/m |
Potential recruitment egg density |
|
Appendix A.4.3 |
|
#/m |
Clam density on a fine-level triangle |
|
Eq. (A.24) |
|
#/m |
Upper bound on clam density on a given triangle Eq. (A.24) |
1300 |
|
|
|
Temperature of clam. |
|
|
|
|
Max temperature for growth. Eq. (A.17) |
31 |
|
|
|
Max. temperature for respiration. Eq. (A.17) |
33 |
|
|
|
Min. temperature for respiration. Eq. (A.17) |
-5 |
|
|
|
Optimal temperature for growth. Eq. (A.17) |
22 |
|
|
|
Optimal temperature for respiration. Eq. (A.17) |
20 |
|
|
g |
Clam's wet weight. |
|
|
|
||||
|
||||
Background Food |
||||
|
m |
Area of fine-level triangle |
Eq. (A.25) |
|
|
1/hr |
Base mortality rate of background |
2E-4 |
|
|
|
Coeff. of temperature growth. Eq. (A.25) |
0.2 |
|
|
|
Temperature dependence of growth of background food Eq. (A.25) |
|
Eq. (A.18) |
|
g |
Number of grams of background food on a fine-level triangle |
|
Eq. (A.25) |
|
g |
Average density of background food just on triangle and neighbors |
|
Eq. (A.25) |
|
g/m |
Carrying capacity of background |
400 |
Eq. (A.25) |
|
g/m |
Density of background food on triangle |
|
|
|
1/hr |
Max growth rate of background |
8E-4 |
Eq. (A.25) |
|
hr |
Time between updates of background |
24 |
Eq. (A.25) |
|
|
Max temperature for growth. Eq. (A.25) |
35 |
|
|
|
Optimal temperature for growth. Eq. (A.25) |
26 |
|
|
||||
|
||||
Crab Variables |
||||
|
|
Parameter in Eq. (A.40). |
0.004 |
|
|
|
Parameter relating size of crab to ingestion rate. Eq. (A.38) |
30.0 |
|
|
g/cm
|
Scale parameter in Eq. (A.36) relating CW to wet weight |
0.14 |
Pullen and Trent (1970); Olmi III and Bishop (1983); Cadman and Weinstein (1985); Newcombe et al. (1949) |
|
g
|
Scalar governing maximum rate of movement Eq. (A.28) |
|
|
|
|
Maximum base respiration parameter. Eq. (A.44) |
0.00678 |
Booth and McMahon (1992, Table 1) and Houlihan et al. (1985, Fig. 1). |
|
|
Minimum base respiration rate. Eq. (A.44) |
0.00166 |
Booth and McMahon (1992, Table 1)and Houlihan et al. (1985, Fig. 1). |
|
g/cm
|
Scalar relating CW to total grams to molt. Eq. (A.46) |
2E-2 |
|
|
|
Scalar relating mass and movement rate to energy expenditure. Eq. (A.45) |
4E-5 |
|
|
cm |
Scaling parameter for stomach volume in Eq. (A.37) |
0.0255 |
Based on McGaw and Reiber (2000) |
|
|
Parameter in Eq. (A.40). |
2.0 |
|
|
|
Parameter relating size of crab to ingestion rate. Eq. (A.38) |
0.25 |
|
|
|
Power relating CW to wet weight in Eq. (A.36) |
2.7 |
Pullen and Trent (1970); Olmi III and Bishop (1983); Cadman and Weinstein (1985); Newcombe et al. (1949) |
|
|
How metabolic demand increases with weight. Eq. (A.44) |
2/3 |
|
|
|
Power relating CW to total grams crab must expend to molt. Eq. (A.46) |
2 |
|
|
|
Power relating mass to rate of energy usage for movement. Eq. (A.45) |
0.33 |
|
|
|
Power of CW for computing stomach volume Eq. (A.37) |
2.0 |
See Appendix A.5.6 |
|
|
First parameter of movement distribution. App. A.5.4 |
1 |
|
|
|
Second parameter of movement distribution. App. A.5.4 |
40 |
|
CW |
cm |
Carapace width |
|
|
|
cm |
Lower range of CW at 7th instar. Appendix A.5.13 |
1.05 |
|
|
cm |
Width of CW instantiation range at. Appendix A.5.13 |
0.6 |
|
|
m |
Maximum distance between crabs when they may interact |
12 |
Appendix A.5.3 |
|
hr |
Random time interval between a crab's updates |
|
Appendix A.5.2 |
Energy |
cal |
Energy content of a single crab egg. |
0.0454 |
|
|
# |
Number of clams in age class |
Eq. (A.33) |
|
|
|
Function governing metabolism on temperature |
Eq. (A.39) |
|
|
|
Particular parameterization of
|
Eq. (A.38) |
|
|
g |
Wet weight of crab. |
Eq. (A.30) |
|
|
g/hr |
Grams egested from the crab |
Eq. (A.41) |
|
|
g/hr |
Grams egested from the stomach |
Eq. (A.40) |
|
|
g/hr |
Grams ingested into the crab's stomach. |
Eq. (A.38) |
|
|
g |
Mass when next molting will be triggered. Eq. (A.36) |
|
|
|
g/hr |
Grams expended molting over |
Eq. (A.47) |
|
|
g/hr |
Grams used solely by crab moving |
Eq. (A.45) |
|
|
g/hr |
Grams put into reproduction |
Appendix A.5.12 |
|
|
g/hr |
Respiration and excretion costs |
Eq. (A.44) |
|
|
g |
Grams of food in stomach |
Eq. (A.42) |
|
|
g |
Total grams crab expends to molt |
Eq. (A.47) |
|
|
g |
Grams expended molting. |
Eq. (A.47) |
|
|
|
Absorption coefficient. Eq. (A.41) |
0.6 |
|
|
|
Change in weighting factor caused by DO |
|
Appendix A.5.6 |
|
|
Default weighting factor for clam depth refuge Eq. (A.34) |
1.0 |
|
|
m |
Constant in Eq. (A.31) |
1/75 |
|
|
m |
Governs probability of finding background food |
Eq. (A.35) |
|
|
|
Excretion as a proportion of respiration costs |
0.05 |
|
|
|
Constant governing rate crab development in maturation pot. See App. A.5.13 |
0.55 |
|
|
|
Gives dependence of rate of movement on temperature. |
Eq. (A.27) |
|
|
1/hr |
Mortality rate for crabs in maturation pot. App. A.5.13 |
5E-3 |
|
|
hr |
Parameter governing crab's update times |
1.0 |
|
|
|
First parameter for crab's lifetime distribution. App. A.5.14 |
3.0 |
|
|
|
Second parameter for crab's lifetime distribution. App. A.5.14 |
1.5 |
|
Max Age |
hr |
App. A.5.14 |
70080 |
|
|
|
Weighting factor governing crab's foraging ability on clams |
Eq. (A.33) |
|
|
|
Lower bound for proportion increase in CW. Eq. (A.49) |
0.24 |
|
|
|
Upper bound for proportion increase in CW. Eq. (A.49) |
0.32 |
|
|
|
Slope for temperature dependence of egestion in Eq. (A.40) |
5 |
|
|
|
Slope for temperature dependence of intake in Eq. (A.38) |
5 |
|
|
|
Slope for temperature dependence of metabolism |
2.5 |
|
|
|
Quality of food feeding on |
|
|
|
|
Quality of food in stomach |
Eq. (A.43) |
|
|
#/m |
Density of clams within crab's forageable size range |
|
Eq. (A.31) |
|
cal/g wet wt |
Energy density of crab |
1000 |
|
|
g/cm |
Density of food in stomach |
1.5 |
|
|
#/m |
Density clams on triangle |
|
|
|
g/m |
Density of background food on triangle |
Eq. (A.35) |
|
|
#/m |
Upper bound on the density of crabs in the estuary |
0.4 |
Appendix A.5.13 |
Scale factor |
|
Factor by which the estuary is scaled Appendix A.6 |
100 |
|
Sex Ratio |
|
Proportion of male crab's instantiated into the estuary. |
0.5 |
|
|
g |
Parameter governing rate of energy expenditure as molting progresses. Eq. (A.47) |
0.15 |
|
|
rad |
Direction of crab movement, kept between |
|
|
|
|
Maximum temperature for crab egestion. Eq. (A.40) |
33 |
|
|
|
Maximum temperature for crab ingestion. Eq. (A.38) |
33 |
|
|
|
Maximum temperature for metabolic processes |
35 |
|
|
|
Maximum temperature for crab spawning |
29 |
|
|
|
Minimum temperature for crab spawning |
19 |
|
|
|
Minimum temperature for metabolic processes |
2 |
|
|
|
Optimal temperature for crab egestion. Eq. (A.40) |
25 |
|
| ||||