Ecological Archives M076-015-A4

Shannon M. Murphy and Paul Feeny. 2006. Chemical facilitation of a naturally occurring host shift by Papilio machaon butterflies (Papilionidae). Ecological Monographs 76:399–414.

Appendix D. Female Papilio machaon aliaska oviposition preferences for fractions F3a, F3b, and F3c of the polar extracts of Cnidium cnidiifolium, Artemisia arctica, and Petasites frigidus. Tukey-Kramer adjusted t values are reported for differences in the least squares means between treatments.

Bioassay df t value P value
  C. cnidiifolium      
    F3a > control 38 0.59 0.94
    F3b > control 38 4.20 0.0009
    F3c > control 38 5.94 <0.0001
    F3b > F3a 38 3.62 0.005
    F3c > F3a 38 5.36 <0.0001
    F3b > F3c 38 1.74 0.32
       
  A. arctica      
    F3a > control 32 0.80 0.86
    F3b > control 32 5.78 <0.0001
    F3c > control 32 5.21 <0.0001
    F3b > F3a 32 6.58 <0.0001
    F3c > F3a 32 6.01 <0.0001
    F3b > F3c 32 0.57 0.94
       
  P. frigidus      
    F3a > control 15 1.72 0.35
    F3b > control 15 5.61 0.0003
    F3c > control 15 4.55 0.002
    F3b > F3a 15 3.89 0.007
    F3c > F3a 15 2.83 0.05
    F3b > F3c 15 1.06 0.72

[Back to M076-015]