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Appendix A. Figures showing the survival and growth of Bugula neritina colonies.

FIG. A1. Effect of maternal exposure history on the survival of Bugula neritina colonies after six weeks in the field. Bars represent mean (± SE) surviving proportion of offspring from toxicant naive mothers (as indicated by open bars), survival of offspring from mother that were exposed to either 100 (light shaded bar) or 300 µg/L Cu (dark shaded bar) a week before spawning.

FIG. A2. Effect of maternal exposure history on the size of Bugula neritina colonies after six weeks in the field. Bars represent mean (± SE) size of offspring from toxicant naive mothers (as indicated by open bars), offspring from mother that were exposed to either 100 (light shaded bar) or 300 µg/L Cu (dark shaded bar) a week before spawning.

FIG. A3. Effect of maternal exposure history and intraspecific competition on the survival of Bugula neritina colonies after six weeks in the field. Bars represent mean (± SE) proportion of surviving offspring in the presence and absence of competition. Open bars indicate survival of offspring from toxicant naive mothers and shaded bars indicate survival of offspring from mother exposed to 300 µg/L Cu a week before spawning.

FIG. A4. Effect of maternal exposure history and intraspecific competition on the size of Bugula neritina colonies after six weeks in the field. Bars represent mean (± SE) size of offspring in the presence and absence of competition. Open bars indicate size of colonies from toxicant naive mothers and shaded bars indicate size of colonies from mothers exposed to 300 µg/L Cu a week before spawning.