Appendix B. Repeated-measures ANOVA of cover and species richness of grass- and shrub-dominated vegetation testing for effects of time (T), vegetation type (V), treatment (Tr), and their interactions.
Cover |
Species richness |
|||||||
SS |
df |
F |
P |
SS |
df |
F |
P |
|
Summer annuals |
||||||||
Pillai's Trace |
2.414 |
27,18 |
2.749 |
0.015 |
1.581 |
27, 18 |
0.742 |
0.764 |
T |
0.217 |
1.95, 23.402 |
85.830 |
<0.001 |
0.417 |
3.75, 45.005 |
99.245 |
<0.001 |
T × V |
0.217 |
1.95, 23.402 |
38.193 |
<0.001 |
0.417 |
3.75, 45.005 |
72.285 |
<0.001 |
T × Tr |
0.217 |
1.95, 23.402 |
0.385 |
0.679 |
0.417 |
3.75, 45.005 |
0.682 |
0.599 |
T × V × Tr |
0.217 |
1.95, 23.402 |
0.820 |
0.450 |
0.417 |
3.75, 45.005 |
0.524 |
0.707 |
Winter annuals |
||||||||
Pillai's Trace |
1.995 |
27, 18 |
1.324 |
0.271 |
2.052 |
27, 18 |
1.442 |
0.212 |
T |
0.422 |
3.802,45.622 |
21.704 |
<0.001 |
0.431 |
3.88, 46.565 |
62.534 |
<0.001 |
T × V |
0.422 |
3.802,45.622 |
6.850 |
<0.001 |
0.431 |
3.88, 46.565 |
4.876 |
0.003 |
T × Tr |
0.422 |
3.802,45.622 |
4.139 |
0.007 |
0.431 |
3.88, 46.565 |
0.327 |
0.853 |
T × V × Tr |
0.422 |
3.802,45.622 |
0.664 |
0.613 |
0.431 |
3.88, 46.565 |
0.868 |
0.488 |
Forbs |
||||||||
Pillai's Trace |
2.587 |
27, 18 |
4.173 |
0.001 |
1.994 |
27, 18 |
1.321 |
0.273 |
T |
0.281 |
2.533, 30.39 |
72.078 |
<0.001 |
0.443 |
3.98, 47.819 |
77.390 |
<0.001 |
T × V |
0.281 |
2.533, 30.39 |
31.883 |
<0.001 |
0.443 |
3.98, 47.819 |
28.521 |
<0.001 |
T × Tr |
0.281 |
2.533, 30.39 |
1.306 |
0.289 |
0.443 |
3.98, 47.819 |
0.344 |
0.846 |
T × V × Tr |
0.281 |
2.533, 30.39 |
1.796 |
0.176 |
0.443 |
3.98, 47.819 |
0.903 |
0.470 |
Grasses |
||||||||
Pillai's Trace |
1.791 |
27, 18 |
0.988 |
0.523 |
2.047 |
27, 18 |
1.433 |
0.216 |
T |
0.267 |
2.403, 28.835 |
6.109 |
0.004 |
0.301 |
2.71, 32.548 |
1.908 |
0.153 |
T × V |
0.267 |
2.403, 28.835 |
4.149 |
0.020 |
0.301 |
2.71, 32.548 |
3.904 |
0.020 |
T × Tr |
0.267 |
2.403, 28.835 |
0.238 |
0.828 |
0.301 |
2.71, 32.548 |
0.976 |
0.409 |
T × V × Tr |
0.267 |
2.403, 28.835 |
0.343 |
0.750 |
0.301 |
2.71, 32.548 |
0.484 |
0.677 |
Shrubs |
||||||||
Pillai's Trace |
1.923 |
27, 18 |
1.190 |
0.356 |
1.855 |
27, 18 |
1.081 |
0.441 |
T |
0.155 |
1.391, 16.695 |
1.141 |
0.323 |
0.375 |
3.379, 40.54 |
17.581 |
<0.001 |
T × V |
0.155 |
1.391, 16.695 |
2.546 |
0.121 |
0.375 |
3.379, 40.54 |
3.673 |
0.016 |
T × Tr |
0.155 |
1.391, 16.695 |
1.270 |
0.293 |
0.375 |
3.379, 40.54 |
0.462 |
0.733 |
T × V × Tr |
0.155 |
1.391, 16.695 |
0.859 |
0.404 |
0.375 |
3.379, 40.54 |
0.483 |
0.718 |
Total |
||||||||
Pillai's Trace |
2.053 |
27, 18 |
1.446 |
0.210 |
2.139 |
27, 18 |
1.655 |
0.135 |
T |
0.318 |
2.862, 34.343 |
13.563 |
<0.001 |
0.378 |
3.405, 40.86 |
45.819 |
<0.001 |
T × V |
0.318 |
2.862, 34.343 |
7.732 |
0.001 |
0.378 |
3.405, 40.86 |
25.022 |
<0.001 |
T × Tr |
0.318 |
2.862, 34.343 |
0.567 |
0.632 |
0.378 |
3.405, 40.86 |
0.478 |
0.723 |
T × V × Tr |
0.318 |
2.862, 34.343 |
0.806 |
0.494 |
0.378 |
3.405, 40.86 |
1.073 |
0.376 |
Heterogeneity |
||||||||
Pillai's Trace |
2.265 |
27, 18 |
2.055 |
0.058 |
||||
T |
0.404 |
3.6322, 43.586 |
5.860 |
0.001 |
||||
T × V |
0.404 |
3.6322, 43.586 |
2.835 |
0.040 |
||||
T × Tr |
0.404 |
3.6322, 43.586 |
0.538 |
0.692 |
||||
T × V × Tr |
0.404 |
3.6322, 43.586 |
0.735 |
0.561 |
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