Appendix A. The number of dung beetles captured in 2000 at three different sites (Dimona, Colosso, and Cidade Powell) in four different habitats: in old clear-cuts invaded by secondary growth (SG), in forest fragments of different size (1 ha and 10 ha, respectively) and in continuous forest (CF). At one of the sites (Dimona) we also sampled a clear-cut (CC) kept open from secondary vegetation. As the re-examination of Klein's (1989) material invoked some changes to his original classification, we have included both the taxonomy used by Klein (1989; “Original name”) and the one we feel is most justified (“Current classification”).
SPECIES |
DIMONA |
COLOSSO |
CIDADE POWELL |
TOTAL |
||||||||||||||
Classification of Klein (1989) |
Current clasification |
CC |
SG |
1 ha |
10 ha |
CF |
SG |
1ha |
10 ha |
CF |
SG |
1 ha |
10 ha |
CF |
||||
Ateuchus sp. 7 |
Ateuchus connexus (Harold, 1868) |
0 |
1 |
1 |
6 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
1 |
9 |
1 |
2 |
5 |
15 |
51 |
|||
Ateuchus frontalis |
Ateuchus pauki Bhaltasar 1939 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
3 |
9 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
12 |
11 |
6 |
6 |
52 |
|||
Ateuchus sp. 2 |
Ateuchus murrayi (Harold, 1868) |
4 |
80 |
82 |
384 |
86 |
22 |
55 |
37 |
34 |
171 |
186 |
111 |
98 |
1350 |
|||
Ateuchus sp. 6 |
Ateuchus simplex (LeConte, 1857) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
30 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
4 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
3 |
49 |
|||
Ateuchus sp. 1 |
Ateuchus aff setulosus |
0 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
14 |
|||
……… |
Ateuchus sp. 3.1 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
10 |
3 |
1 |
4 |
1 |
10 |
1 |
7 |
2 |
3 |
45 |
|||
Ateuchus sp. 4 |
Ateuchus sp. 4 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
10 |
7 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
3 |
0 |
6 |
4 |
2 |
36 |
|||
……… |
Ateuchus sp. 6.1 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
2 |
9 |
|||
Ateuchus sp. 5 |
Ateuchus sp. 7 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
11 |
|||
Canthidium atricolle |
Canthidium atricolle Borre, 1868 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
|||
……… |
Canthidium aurichalceum Borre, 1868 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
|||
Neocanthidium auricolle |
Canthidium auricolle Harold, 1867 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
11 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
11 |
13 |
16 |
16 |
70 |
|||
Canthidium bicolor |
Canthidium bicolor Boucomont, 1928 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
2 |
11 |
16 |
7 |
2 |
51 |
|||
Neocanthidium miscellum |
Canthidium aff. deyrollei |
0 |
5 |
0 |
6 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
14 |
|||
Canthidium ruficolle |
Canthidium sp.2 |
0 |
2 |
24 |
20 |
27 |
8 |
4 |
6 |
3 |
8 |
22 |
3 |
2 |
129 |
|||
Canthidium sp. f |
Canthidium sp. [GRP bituberifrons] |
1 |
11 |
6 |
56 |
16 |
1 |
64 |
43 |
7 |
20 |
36 |
11 |
8 |
280 |
|||
Neocanthidium sp. 1 |
Canthidium sp. [GRP globulum] |
0 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
10 |
|||
……… |
Canthidium sp. 1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
|||
Neocanthidium lentum |
Canthidium sp. [GRP lentum] |
0 |
88 |
7 |
18 |
15 |
30 |
12 |
17 |
29 |
32 |
46 |
27 |
13 |
334 |
|||
Glaphyrocanthon sp. 4 |
Canthon lituratus (Germar, 1824) |
74 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
79 |
|||
……… |
Canthon quadrigattatus (Olivier, 1789) |
1 |
3 |
2 |
5 |
6 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
5 |
30 |
|||
Trichocanthon sordidus |
Canthon sordidus Harold, 1868 |
0 |
9 |
8 |
87 |
7 |
7 |
5 |
3 |
13 |
3 |
4 |
15 |
25 |
186 |
|||
Scybalocanthon trimaculatus |
Canthon sordidus Harold, 1868 |
0 |
35 |
21 |
162 |
24 |
14 |
5 |
13 |
38 |
9 |
17 |
18 |
36 |
392 |
|||
……… |
Canthon sp. [GRP sericatus] |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
10 |
|||
Glaphyrocanthon sp. 2 |
Canthon aff. acutiformis |
382 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
387 |
|||
Glaphyrocanthon sp. 3 |
Canthon aff. acutoides |
40 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
40 |
|||
Canthon triangularis |
Canthon triangularis (Drury, 1770) |
0 |
14 |
140 |
29 |
88 |
29 |
47 |
32 |
38 |
49 |
46 |
71 |
40 |
623 |
|||
Phanaeus jasius |
Coprophanaeus jasius (Olivier, 1789) |
0 |
2 |
1 |
6 |
22 |
3 |
7 |
12 |
13 |
5 |
17 |
6 |
7 |
101 |
|||
Phanaeus lancifer |
Coprophanaeus lancifer (Linné, 1767) |
0 |
5 |
1 |
2 |
11 |
1 |
2 |
10 |
13 |
7 |
7 |
6 |
7 |
72 |
|||
Phanaeus parvulus |
Coprophanaeus parvulus (d´Olsoufieff, 1924) |
0 |
4 |
1 |
2 |
8 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
4 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
25 |
|||
……… |
Deltochilum amazonicum Bates, 1887 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
|||
Deltochilum carinatum |
Deltochilum carinatum (Westwood, 1837) |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
7 |
10 |
6 |
4 |
41 |
|||
Deltochilum guyanensis |
Deltochilum guyanense Paulian, 1938 |
0 |
21 |
2 |
54 |
96 |
3 |
12 |
5 |
41 |
63 |
86 |
81 |
59 |
523 |
|||
Deltochilum pseudoicarus |
Deltochilum icarus (Olivier, 1789) |
0 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
7 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
11 |
9 |
2 |
5 |
57 |
|||
……… |
Deltochilum orbiculare Lansberge, 1874 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
3 |
|||
Deltochilum septemstriatum |
Deltochilum septemstriatum Paulian, 1938 |
0 |
76 |
61 |
139 |
158 |
5 |
48 |
20 |
105 |
101 |
146 |
179 |
143 |
1181 |
|||
Dichotomius apicalis |
Dichotomius sp. Nov [GRP inachus] |
0 |
3 |
1 |
8 |
10 |
0 |
8 |
2 |
7 |
3 |
8 |
5 |
13 |
68 |
|||
Dichotomius sp. 1 |
Dichotomius boreus (Olivier, 1789) |
0 |
29 |
14 |
87 |
67 |
25 |
21 |
41 |
41 |
35 |
64 |
49 |
29 |
502 |
|||
Dichotomius sp. 4 |
Dichotomius [GRP lucasi] |
0 |
2 |
0 |
26 |
21 |
4 |
20 |
5 |
44 |
18 |
32 |
39 |
47 |
258 |
|||
Dichotomius sp. 8 |
Dichotomius subaeneus (Laporte, 1840) |
0 |
3 |
58 |
14 |
10 |
1 |
18 |
2 |
5 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
8 |
123 |
|||
……… |
Onthophagus onthochromus Arrow, 1913 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
5 |
|||
Eurysternus cayannensis |
Eurysternus balachowskyi (Half. & Half., 1977) |
0 |
9 |
12 |
62 |
40 |
16 |
51 |
11 |
14 |
40 |
52 |
34 |
41 |
382 |
|||
Eurysternus caribaeus |
Eurysternus sp. [GRP caribaeus] |
0 |
2 |
16 |
28 |
44 |
9 |
18 |
16 |
31 |
33 |
62 |
51 |
41 |
351 |
|||
Eurysternus foedus |
Eurysternus sp. [GRP foedus] |
0 |
3 |
1 |
16 |
10 |
4 |
8 |
4 |
5 |
3 |
4 |
18 |
11 |
87 |
|||
Eurysternus hirtellus |
Eurysternus sp. [GRP plebejus] |
0 |
13 |
84 |
73 |
79 |
10 |
28 |
2 |
22 |
32 |
65 |
52 |
51 |
511 |
|||
Eurysternus velutinus |
Eurysternus sp. [GRP velutinus] |
0 |
37 |
50 |
111 |
83 |
10 |
24 |
8 |
62 |
46 |
62 |
44 |
61 |
598 |
|||
Eurysternus bicolor |
Eurysternus vastorium Martinez, 1988 |
0 |
7 |
19 |
81 |
43 |
4 |
29 |
14 |
34 |
54 |
77 |
56 |
68 |
486 |
|||
Ontherus carnifrons |
Ontherus carnifrons (Luederwaldt, 1930) |
0 |
9 |
6 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
8 |
18 |
2 |
5 |
58 |
|||
Onthophagus bidentata |
Onthophagus haematopus Harold, 1875 |
19 |
388 |
630 |
623 |
165 |
416 |
695 |
284 |
142 |
179 |
277 |
149 |
61 |
4028 |
|||
Onthophagus rubrecens |
Onthophagus rubrecens Harold, 1875 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
3 |
4 |
1 |
3 |
2 |
7 |
11 |
12 |
25 |
5 |
74 |
|||
Oxysternon conspicillatum |
Oxysternon festivum (Linné, 1767) |
0 |
5 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
1 |
2 |
6 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
28 |
|||
Oxysternon spiniferum |
Oxysternon durantoni Arnaud, 1984 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
13 |
|||
Oxysternon sp. 1 |
Oxysternon sp. [GRP silenum] |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
6 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
18 |
|||
Phanaeus chalcomelas |
Phanaeus chalcomelas (Perty, 1830) |
0 |
7 |
0 |
10 |
3 |
1 |
4 |
2 |
12 |
5 |
7 |
14 |
5 |
70 |
|||
Glaphyrocanthon sp.1 |
Pseudocanthonaff. xantorum |
519 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
523 |
|||
Scybalocanthon pygidialis |
Scybalocanthon pygidialis (Schmidt, 1922) |
0 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
43 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
8 |
6 |
32 |
37 |
17 |
151 |
|||
Phanaeus faunas |
Sulcuphanaeus faunus (Fabricius, 1775) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
8 |
|||
Trichillum hirsutum |
Trichillum sp. |
1 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
15 |
|||
Trox sp. 1 |
Polinoncus juglans (Ractcliffe, 1980) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
10 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
6 |
1 |
27 |
|||
……… |
Uroxys besti Ratcliffe, 1980 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|||
……… |
Uroxys sp. |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|||
Eurysternus cayannensis |
Eurysternus balachowskyi (Half. & Half., 1977) |
0 |
9 |
12 |
62 |
40 |
16 |
51 |
11 |
14 |
40 |
52 |
34 |
41 |
382 |
|||
Eurysternus caribaeus |
Eurysternus sp. [GRP caribaeus] |
0 |
2 |
16 |
28 |
44 |
9 |
18 |
16 |
31 |
33 |
62 |
51 |
41 |
351 |
|||
Eurysternus foedus |
Eurysternus sp. [GRP foedus] |
0 |
3 |
1 |
16 |
10 |
4 |
8 |
4 |
5 |
3 |
4 |
18 |
11 |
87 |
|||
Eurysternus hirtellus |
Eurysternus sp. [GRP plebejus] |
0 |
13 |
84 |
73 |
79 |
10 |
28 |
2 |
22 |
32 |
65 |
52 |
51 |
511 |
|||
Eurysternus velutinus |
Eurysternus sp. [GRP velutinus] |
0 |
37 |
50 |
111 |
83 |
10 |
24 |
8 |
62 |
46 |
62 |
44 |
61 |
598 |
|||
Eurysternus bicolor |
Eurysternus vastorium Martinez, 1988 |
0 |
7 |
19 |
81 |
43 |
4 |
29 |
14 |
34 |
54 |
77 |
56 |
68 |
486 |
|||
Ontherus carnifrons |
Ontherus carnifrons (Luederwaldt, 1930) |
0 |
9 |
6 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
8 |
18 |
2 |
5 |
58 |
|||
Onthophagus bidentata |
Onthophagus haematopus Harold, 1875 |
19 |
388 |
630 |
623 |
165 |
416 |
695 |
284 |
142 |
179 |
277 |
149 |
61 |
4028 |
|||
Onthophagus rubrecens |
Onthophagus rubrecens Harold, 1875 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
3 |
4 |
1 |
3 |
2 |
7 |
11 |
12 |
25 |
5 |
74 |
|||
Oxysternon conspicillatum |
Oxysternon festivum (Linné, 1767) |
0 |
5 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
1 |
2 |
6 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
28 |
|||
Oxysternon spiniferum |
Oxysternon durantoni Arnaud, 1984 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
13 |
|||
Oxysternon sp. 1 |
Oxysternon sp. [GRP silenum] |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
6 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
18 |
|||
Phanaeus chalcomelas |
Phanaeus chalcomelas (Perty, 1830) |
0 |
7 |
0 |
10 |
3 |
1 |
4 |
2 |
12 |
5 |
7 |
14 |
5 |
70 |
|||
Glaphyrocanthon sp.1 |
Pseudocanthon aff. xantorum |
519 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
523 |
|||
Scybalocanthon pygidialis |
Scybalocanthon pygidialis (Schmidt, 1922) |
0 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
43 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
8 |
6 |
32 |
37 |
17 |
151 |
|||
Phanaeus faunas |
Sulcuphanaeus faunus (Fabricius, 1775) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
8 |
|||
Trichillum hirsutum |
Trichillum sp. |
1 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
15 |
|||
Trox sp. 1 |
Polinoncus juglans (Ractcliffe, 1980) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
10 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
6 |
1 |
27 |
|||
……… |
Uroxys besti Ratcliffe, 1980 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|||
……… |
Uroxys sp. |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|||
LITERATURE CITED
Klein, B. 1989. Effects of forest fragmentation on dung and carrion beetle communities in Central Amazonia. Ecology 70:1715–1725.