Mark F. Dybdahl and Stephanie L. Kane. 2005. Adaptation vs. phenotypic plasticity in the success of a clonal invader. Ecology 86:1592–1601.

Appendix D (Table D1). Results of analyses of life history traits of three populations raised at two temperatures (12ºC and 18ºC).

Source	df	SS	MS	F	P
A) Size at first reproduction
Population	2	0.1188	0.06	0.47a	0.6291
Temperature	1	1.16	1.16	15.7b	0.0007
Maternal Line (Pop)a	22	2.76	0.13	1.73	0.0493
Population × Temperature	2	0.98	0.049	6.63b	0.0053
Maternal Line(Pop) × Temperatureb	22	1.63	0.07	0.02	0.4552
B) Age at first reproduction
Population	2	253.65	126.83	0.13 a	0.8575
Temperature	1	56812.03	56812	46.85 b	<0.0001
Maternal Line (Pop)a	22	20892.26	949.64	1.46	0.1268
Population × Temperature	2	3078.83	1539.42	1.27 b	0.3008
Maternal Line(Pop) × Temperatureb	22	26678.2	1212.65	1.87	0.031
C) Total offspring production
Population	2	504.62	252.31	0.64 a	0.5354
Temperature	1	2535.77	2535.77	15.7 b	0.0007
Maternal Line (Pop)a	22	8634.14	392.46	1.66	0.0599
Population × Temperature	2	1685.38	842.69	5.22 b	0.014
Maternal Line(Pop) × Temperatureb	22	3552.73	161.49	0.68	0.8412
Time reproducing	1	9830.19	9830.19	41.5	<0.0001
D) Reproductive rate
Population	2	7.32	3.66	0.46 a	0.6387
Temperature	1	3.98	3.98	1.33 b	0.2613
Maternal Line (Pop)a	22	176.07	8	1.43	0.134
Population × Temperature	2	25.66	12.83	4.28 b	0.0269
Maternal Line(Pop) × Temperatureb	22	65.92	3	0.53	0.9491
Age at death	1	95.7	95.7	17.07	0.0001

   Notes: Significance is indicated by bold. Superscripts indicate the source term used as the error term for the F tests. ANOVA results for (A) size at first offspring, (B) for age at first reproduction, and ANCOVA results for (C) total offspring production and (D) reproductive rate. Time spent reproducing was a covariate for total offspring production; age at death was a covariate for reproductive rate.