test was used for the random effect (Family). Denominator degrees of freedom
ranged between 110 to 127 and were determined by the Satterthwaite approximation.Appendix C. Mixed-model analysis
of variance table for effects of grass competition, root herbivory by beetles,
and full sibling family of milkweed on production of latex, cardenolides, and
leaf carbon and nitrogen concentrations near the end of the second growing season.
The likelihood-ratio
test was used for the random effect (Family). Denominator degrees of freedom
ranged between 110 to 127 and were determined by the Satterthwaite approximation.
F
P
F
P
F
P
F
P
Grass
0.65
0.422
0.18
0.675
0.02
0.882
0.81
0.369
Beetle
0.71
0.402
0.17
0.683
2.03
0.156
1.17
0.281
Grass × Beetle
0.13
0.722
0.23
0.635
1.69
0.196
4.45
0.037
Family
9.4
<0.001
0
0.5
0
0.5
9.0
<0.001