Daniel M. Kashian, Monica G. Turner, William H. Romme, and Craig G. Lorimer. 2005. Variability and convergence in stand structural development on a fire-dominated subalpine landscape. Ecology 86:643–654.

Appendix F. Results of transformed Ripley's K(L-hat) analyses for tree spatial pattern before and after mortality for stands sampled across four age classes in Yellowstone National Park. Stands are organized by age class and stand density. At each distance t, “+” indicates a clustered distribution; an empty cell indicates a random distribution at  = 0.05

				Distance t (m)
Stand	Sample	Age class	No. trees	1	2	3	4	5
0022	Live only	50–100	5660	+	+	+	+	+
	Live + Dead + Stumps		5856	+	+	+	+	+
0023	Live only	50–100	495	+	+	+	+	+
	Live + Dead + Stumps		788	+	+	+	+	+
0114	Live only	50–100	426	+	+	+	+	+
	Live + Dead + Stumps		571	+	+	+	+	+
0030	Live only	50–100	350	+	+	+	+	+
	Live + Dead + Stumps		531	+	+	+	+	+
0119	Live only	50–100	320	+	+	+	+	+
	Live + Dead + Stumps		536	+	+	+	+	+
0026	Live only	50–100	198	+		+	+	+
	Live + Dead + Stumps		261	+	+	+	+	+
0112	Live only	50–100	183	+	+	+	+	+
	Live + Dead + Stumps		259	+	+	+	+	+
0016	Live only	50–100	154			+	+	+
	Live + Dead + Stumps		225	+	+	+	+	+
0103	Live only	50–100	144			+
	Live + Dead + Stumps		296	+	+	+	+	+
0108	Live only	50–100	129			+	+	+
	Live + Dead + Stumps		165	+	+	+	+	+
0115	Live only	50–100	81				+	+
	Live + Dead + Stumps		125		+	+	+	+
0101	Live only	50–100	68
	Live + Dead + Stumps		96
9905	Live only	50–100	59
	Live + Dead + Stumps		59
0018	Live only	125–175	462			+	+	+
	Live + Dead + Stumps		1134	+	+	+	+	+
0006	Live only	125–175	269
	Live + Dead + Stumps		736	+	+	+	+	+
0002	Live only	125–175	168
	Live + Dead + Stumps		329		+	+	+	+
0004	Live only	125–175	121
	Live + Dead + Stumps		226	+	+	+	+	+
0104	Live only	125–175	110
	Live + Dead + Stumps		327	+	+	+	+	+
0110	Live only	125–175	101			+		+
	Live + Dead + Stumps		149	+	+	+	+	+
0009	Live only	125–175	86
	Live + Dead + Stumps		192		+		+	+
9901	Live only	125–175	84
	Live + Dead + Stumps		431	+	+		+	+
0117	Live only	125–175	75
	Live + Dead + Stumps		130		+	+	+	+
0105	Live only	125–175	69
	Live + Dead + Stumps		134
0109	Live only	125–175	67
	Live + Dead + Stumps		106
0012	Live only	125–175	58		+
	Live + Dead + Stumps		119
0031	Live only	125–175	57
	Live + Dead + Stumps		173	+		+	+	+
0010	Live only	125–175	51
	Live + Dead + Stumps		62
0107	Live only	125–175	43
	Live + Dead + Stumps		59
0102	Live only	200–250	106			+	+
	Live + Dead + Stumps		572	+	+	+	+	+
0017	Live only	200–250	82
	Live + Dead + Stumps		115
0011	Live only	200–250	77
	Live + Dead + Stumps		193			+	+	+
0014	Live only	200–250	72
	Live + Dead + Stumps		177		+	+	+	+
0008	Live only	200–250	59
	Live + Dead + Stumps		96
0113	Live only	200–250	48
	Live + Dead + Stumps		87
0025	Live only	200–250	47
	Live + Dead + Stumps		106
0111	Live only	200–250	46
	Live + Dead + Stumps		65
0013	Live only	200–250	45
	Live + Dead + Stumps		78
0116	Live only	200–250	45
	Live + Dead + Stumps		70
0106	Live only	200–250	42
	Live + Dead + Stumps		102
0007	Live only	200–250	29
	Live + Dead + Stumps		48
0020	Live only	300–350	96
	Live + Dead + Stumps		122
0024	Live only	300–350	93
	Live + Dead + Stumps		120
0019	Live only	300–350	91
	Live + Dead + Stumps		161
0005	Live only	300–350	70
	Live + Dead + Stumps		84
0003	Live only	300–350	53
	Live + Dead + Stumps		70
0001	Live only	300–350	41
	Live + Dead + Stumps		68
0015	Live only	300–350	32
	Live + Dead + Stumps		51
0029	Live only	300–350	23
	Live + Dead + Stumps		32